What is the surface air flow like over southern Asia during the summer?

• A. Dry and offshore
• B. Moist and onshore (from sea to land)
• C. Cold and dry
• D. Stable and calm

Answer: (B)

During the summer months, southern Asia experiences a significant change in surface air flow due to the monsoon phenomenon. The correct response highlights that the air flow is moist and onshore, meaning it comes from the sea and moves towards the land. This moisture-laden air is a result of the heating of land areas, which creates low-pressure systems. The cooler air over the ocean moves in to replace this rising warm air, resulting in onshore winds that carry moisture from the Indian Ocean and surrounding seas.

These winds contribute to the heavy rainfall associated with the summer monsoon, which is crucial for agriculture and replenishing water supplies in this region. The onshore flow contrasts with other conditions that might be encountered at various times of the year or in different regions, such as dry offshore winds or cold air masses. Understanding the dynamics of this moist onshore flow is essential for predicting weather patterns and their impacts during the summer monsoon season in southern Asia.