What is the relationship between temperature gradients and jet stream presence?

• A. A weak gradient results in strong jet stream
• B. A strong gradient is associated with no jet stream
• C. A strong gradient often leads to a jet stream
• D. Jet streams occur independently of temperature gradient

Answer: (C)

The correct answer highlights the significant relationship between temperature gradients and the formation of jet streams. A strong temperature gradient, which occurs when there is a rapid change in temperature over a short distance, creates conditions conducive to the development of jet streams. This is because a strong temperature difference often correlates with areas of contrasting air masses, leading to increased air movement in the upper atmosphere.

As air flows from high-pressure areas to low-pressure areas, the steepness of the temperature gradient can enhance this movement, contributing to the formation of high-speed winds at higher altitudes known as jet streams. Essentially, the stronger the temperature gradient, the more pronounced the wind speeds will be, supporting the presence and intensity of jet streams.

In contrast to the correct choice, a weak gradient does not produce the conditions necessary for strong jet streams, and the assertion that a strong gradient is associated with no jet stream contradicts established meteorological principles. Additionally, jet streams do not occur independently of temperature gradients; rather, they are a direct result of these gradients, especially when related to temperature differences between polar and tropical air masses.