How can volcanic ash impact aviation operations?

• A. It enhances visibility temporarily
• B. It can damage aircraft engines and significantly reduce visibility
• C. It leads to favorable flying conditions
• D. It serves as an effective de-icing agent

Answer: (B)

Volcanic ash poses significant hazards to aviation operations primarily due to its ability to damage aircraft engines and substantially reduce visibility. When a volcano erupts, the ash composed of tiny particles can be scattered over vast areas and can linger in the atmosphere for extended periods. If an aircraft flies through volcanic ash, the fine particles can cause serious harm to the engines, potentially leading to engine failure. This is because the ash can melt in the high temperatures of the engine and form glass, adversely affecting engine function.

Additionally, volcanic ash significantly reduces visibility due to the dense cloud of particulates it creates in the atmosphere. Pilots rely on clear visibility for safe navigation and landing. The presence of volcanic ash can make it extremely difficult, if not impossible, to see and avoid obstacles, making flight operations very dangerous.

The other options do not accurately represent the true effects of volcanic ash on aviation. Rather than enhancing visibility or leading to favorable flying conditions, ash creates hazardous conditions, making it imperative for air traffic control and aircraft operators to avoid areas affected by volcanic activity. Furthermore, volcanic ash does not serve as a de-icing agent; its primary impact is detrimental to aviation safety.